Yarmaq - anonymous, temp. Berke Qrim mint

Berke Khan's reign marked the Golden Horde's formal conversion to Islam — the first Mongol ruler of a major khanate to embrace the faith — and the anonymous silver struck at Qrim reflects this transition carefully. The absence of a ruler's name was not an oversight but a deliberate choice common to early Horde issues, possibly reflecting uncertainty about how to reconcile Mongol dynastic convention with Islamic numismatic practice. Qrim, on the Crimean peninsula, was already a significant commercial hub connecting Genoese traders to the steppe economy, giving these coins immediate and wide circulation across the Black Sea trade network.