Unknown Æ - Imitating Antoninus Pius, 138-161

Barbarous bronze imitations of Antoninus Pius continued circulating in Germanic territories well after Roman originals had largely disappeared from the frontier zone. These copies were not struck by Rome's enemies in any organized military sense — they emerged from local demand for a coin-shaped medium of exchange in regions where Roman trade goods arrived but Roman coin did not always follow in sufficient quantity. The prototypes were already decades old by the time most of these imitations appeared.

Attribution to specific tribes remains impossible without provenanced find context.