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Tetradrachm Uncertain Punic mint, Lilybaion or Entella

Issuer Uncertain Punic mint
Year 320 BC - 300 BC
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Technique Hammered
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Reverse description Head of a horse facing right, depicted with finely engraved mane falling in a long, stylized curve along the neck. The animal's bridle and forelock are carefully detailed. To the right stands a palm tree with a slender trunk and spreading fronds, a well-known Punic symbol of Carthage. The Punic inscription appears in the exergue below the horse's neck, and the overall composition closely follows Carthaginian coinage conventions of the period.
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Reverse lettering עמ מחנת
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Additional information

The attribution to either Lilybaion or Entella reflects a longstanding editorial problem in Punic Sicilian numismatics — the two mints operated under similar Carthaginian administrative control during the late fourth century, used overlapping die cutters, and produced coins for the same military payroll economy. Jenkins's grouping acknowledges the uncertainty rather than forcing a false precision. Carthage was aggressively funding mercenary operations across Sicily at this moment, and tetradrachms of this weight standard were the primary instrument for paying Greek and Campanian soldiers who would accept nothing less.

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