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Tetradrachm Philip III Type
| Issuer | Uncertain Eastern European Celts |
|---|---|
| Year | 300 BC - 201 BC |
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| Value | Tetradrachm (4) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Stylized Celtic imitation of Zeus enthroned left, rendered in a schematized, deeply abstracted manner typical of Eastern Celtic coinage derived from Macedonian prototypes. Zeus is depicted seated on a throne, his right arm extended and holding an eagle, while his left hand rests on a long scepter. In the left field appear a circular symbol with internal dot pattern and below it a retrograde or degenerate monogram. An encircling dotted border frames the central design. The reverse legend, a severely degraded and retrograde rendering of the Greek inscription ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ, appears along the right side and in the exergue, characteristic of Celtic imitative coinage where the original lettering has been progressively abstracted into near-unreadable forms. |
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| Reverse lettering | ΛΛΠΠIΠOΛ VΠΠΛIΠ |
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| Additional information |
These posthumous Celtic imitations of Philip II of Macedon's tetradrachms were struck by tribes in the middle Danube basin over the course of a century, progressively abstracted from their Macedonian prototype with each generation of copying. The process was neither degradation nor illiteracy — it reflects deliberate stylistic transformation by craftsmen who understood the coins as objects of prestige and weight-based value rather than royal portraiture.
Kostial 898 and Göbl 579/3 place this piece within a northeastern Pannonian cluster, distinguished by specific die characteristics that separate it from the broader and more common Kapostal-type variants.