Siliqua - Constantius II VOTIS XXX MVLTIS XXXX, Constantinopolis

Historical Context: This Siliqua, minted in Constantinopolis between 355-361 AD, encapsulates Constantius II's imperial propaganda during his sole reign. Following the defeat of Magnentius in 353 AD, Constantius solidified his position as Augustus of the entire Roman Empire. The reverse legend, VOTIS XXX MVLTIS XXXX, celebrates his *tricennalia* (30 years of rule, counting from his elevation to Caesar in 324 AD) and expresses vows for a further decade. This type served to legitimize his longevity and dynastic claim, projecting stability and divine favor during a period of significant internal and external pressures, including the ongoing Persian threat and the rise of Julian as Caesar in the West.

Artistry: The stylistic school prevalent in Constantinopolis during this era reflects the late Roman imperial aesthetic, characterized by a move away from classical naturalism towards a more abstract, hieratic representation. While specific engravers are rarely identifiable by signature on these issues, the mint of Constantinopolis typically maintained a higher standard of execution compared to some western mints. The obverse portrait of Constantius II features a diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust, often rendered with large, expressive eyes and simplified facial planes, emphasizing imperial majesty rather than individual likeness. The reverse wreath, containing the celebratory votive legend, is usually depicted with stylized foliage and ribbons.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading, attention should be paid to the obverse diadem details, particularly the jewels or rosettes, and the clarity of Constantius II's facial features, especially the eyes and nose. The drapery folds and cuirass details should be sharp. On the reverse, the integrity of the wreath, including its ties and leaf definitions, is crucial. The legibility and completeness of the VOTIS XXX MVLTIS XXXX legend within the wreath are paramount. A well-centered strike, free from significant flan imperfections or areas of weak striking, is highly desirable. The typical broad, thin fabric of the Siliqua means full legend and design elements can be challenging to find.