Semis hippocampus, legend eterter

Untikesken — the Iberian name for the Greek colony of Emporion, modern Empúries on the Catalan coast — produced a substantial bronze coinage during the second century BC, largely to meet the practical demands created by Rome's military presence in Hispania following the Second Punic War. The semis denomination served day-to-day transactions in a bilingual commercial zone where Iberian, Greek, and Roman economic systems overlapped awkwardly and continuously.

The legend *eterter* remains only partially interpreted; it is understood as a secondary magistrate's or moneyer's name in Iberian script, a practice that distinguishes Untikesken bronzes from many contemporaneous Iberian issues and helps modern scholars sequence the series by authority rather than date alone.