Catalog
Obol Undetermined Friesach marks
| Issuer | Duchy of Carinthia (Austrian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1200-1240 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Silver |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Log in to see details |
| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Facing bust of a bishop depicted between two architectural towers, rendered in a schematic Romanesque style. Above the bishop's head, a six-pointed star is flanked by two small rings, serving as decorative field elements. The entire design is contained within a double border consisting of an outer circle of pearls and an inner circle of lines. |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
Friesach pfennigs — and their fractional obols — were among the most widely circulated coins in central and southeastern Europe during the 12th and 13th centuries, accepted from the Adriatic coast to Bohemia and used extensively in Crusade-era financial transactions. The "undetermined marks" classification reflects a genuine attribution problem: Friesach-type coins were struck by multiple ecclesiastical and secular authorities simultaneously, sharing obverse and reverse dies across mints at Friesach, St. Veit, and beyond, making definitive issuer assignment frequently impossible even with reference to the CNA typology.