Medin - Mahmud I

Mahmud I inherited an empire already straining under decentralized authority, and Egypt by the 1730s was effectively governed by competing Mamluk beys who paid only nominal deference to Istanbul. The small billon fractional issues of this period reflect that reality — minted locally under conditions the Sublime Porte could not directly supervise, with silver content that varied considerably from the stated standard.

KM#82.1 distinguishes this from at least one other die variety of the same type, a detail worth noting given how frequently these small-module Ottoman Egyptian pieces are miscatalogued in trade.