Manghir - Murad I

Murad I's copper manghir represents some of the earliest Ottoman fiduciary coinage — issued as the nascent empire pushed aggressively into the Balkans, taking Adrianople around 1369 and making it the new capital, Edirne. The manghir filled the low-denomination gap that silver akçe could not practically serve in everyday transactions, particularly in newly absorbed Balkan markets unfamiliar with Ottoman monetary practice.

Attribution of individual pieces to specific mints within Murad's reign remains difficult; the numismatic literature has not fully resolved the sequence of early Ottoman copper issues, and many examples circulated well into the reigns of his successors before being retired.