Grosz litewski - Stefan Batory Wilno mint

Stefan Batory's Lithuanian groschen from the Wilno mint occupy a narrow window of production tied directly to the king's prolonged military campaigns against Muscovy. The Livonian War demanded constant liquidity across the Commonwealth's northeastern territories, and the Wilno mint — rather than Kraków or Poznań — bore much of the burden of supplying coinage to armies operating in Lithuania and the Baltic provinces. Batory's monetary reforms of the late 1570s standardized the grosz across Polish and Lithuanian issues, though Wilno-struck pieces retained their own distinct mint attribution.

Kopicki references 3354 through 3357 distinguish die varieties across the two-year run, differences subtle enough that misattribution between them is routine even in specialist collections.