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Fals - Anonymous
| Issuer | Umayyad Caliphate |
|---|---|
| Year | 696-750 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central field occupied by a multi-line Arabic religious legend arranged in horizontal bands, consistent with the fully epigraphic aniconic reform coinage introduced under Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The inscription, executed in early Kufic script, is enclosed within a circular border of pellets or a single linear inner ring. The flan is irregular and somewhat oval in outline, typical of hand-struck copper production. The surfaces show characteristic granular patination and wear consistent with extensive circulation. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له |
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| Additional information |
The anonymous copper fals occupied an awkward position in the Umayyad monetary system — silver dirhams and gold dinars handled serious commerce, while the fals was left to local markets, toll payments, and the kind of petty transactions that never made it into administrative records. Abd al-Malik's sweeping monetary reform of 696–697 AH standardized the epigraphic coinage in gold and silver, but copper was effectively left to provincial mints operating with considerable autonomy. This produced enormous variety in flan quality, module, and die execution across Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and the eastern provinces.
Attribution without a mint name is genuinely difficult. Many anonymous pieces are assigned by fabric and epigraphy alone.