Denaro - Raymond della Torre Keys and towers

Raymond della Torre held the patriarchate from 1273 to 1299, a tenure marked by relentless conflict with the counts of Gorizia and the commune of Cividale over temporal authority in Friuli. The della Torre family — a powerful Milanese dynasty — leveraged ecclesiastical appointments aggressively throughout northern Italy, and Raymond's coinage was as much a political assertion as a practical currency.

Bernardi 31 is the standard reference for this type within the patriarchal series, with Biaggi 153 confirming the attribution. Surviving examples in collectible condition are genuinely scarce; the denaro circulated heavily in a region that saw near-continuous military disruption through the late thirteenth century.