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Denaro - Raymond della Torre Keys and towers
| Issuer | Patriarchate of Aquileia |
|---|---|
| Year | 1273-1299 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A bold long cross divides the reverse field into four quarters, each containing a prominent heraldic symbol associated with the della Torre family and the Patriarchate of Aquileia: the upper two quarters bear upright keys with rounded bows, while the lower two quarters display merloned towers set on a stepped base. The design is enclosed within a beaded inner border, with the surrounding legend RAIMV ИDV` PA identifying the issuing patriarch. The composition is strongly heraldic in character, reflecting the combined temporal and spiritual authority of the Patriarchate, and is typical of the Romanesque-Gothic transitional coinage of northeastern Italy. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Raymond della Torre held the patriarchate from 1273 to 1299, a tenure marked by relentless conflict with the counts of Gorizia and the commune of Cividale over temporal authority in Friuli. The della Torre family — a powerful Milanese dynasty — leveraged ecclesiastical appointments aggressively throughout northern Italy, and Raymond's coinage was as much a political assertion as a practical currency.
Bernardi 31 is the standard reference for this type within the patriarchal series, with Biaggi 153 confirming the attribution. Surviving examples in collectible condition are genuinely scarce; the denaro circulated heavily in a region that saw near-continuous military disruption through the late thirteenth century.