Couronne d'Or - John of Bavaria

John of Bavaria never actually held episcopal orders — he was elected Prince-Bishop of Liège in 1389 at around age fourteen, governed the territory for nearly three decades through political cunning and near-constant conflict, and was never ordained priest. His reign was defined by the brutal suppression of the Liège communes, culminating in the destruction of the city of Tongeren in 1408 and the massacre at Othée in 1408, where he crushed a popular revolt with the military assistance of his cousin John the Fearless of Burgundy. He abdicated in 1418 to pursue secular ambitions, eventually becoming Count of Holland.

The couronne d'or type follows the French crown gold model introduced under Charles VI, whose monetary influence penetrated deeply into the Low Countries princebishoprics during this period.