Chalkous - temp. Artaxerxes III / Darius III

表面の説明	ログインして詳細を見る
表面の文字体系	ログインして詳細を見る
表面の銘文	ログインして詳細を見る
裏面の説明	A rough, irregular incuse depression occupying the majority of the flan, its surface exhibiting a distinctly granulated, uneven texture formed by multiple irregular lumps, consistent with the primitive punch technique employed for small fractional bronzes of the Achaemenid satrapal series.
裏面の文字体系	ログインして詳細を見る
裏面の銘文	ログインして詳細を見る
縁	Plain
鋳造所	ログインして詳細を見る
鋳造数	ログインして詳細を見る
追加情報	These small copper pieces were struck in the final decades of Achaemenid control over the Ionian coastal cities, a period defined less by administrative stability than by the slow-motion collapse of Persian authority in western Anatolia. Artaxerxes III had spent the 340s brutally reasserting control over rebellious satraps and reconquering Egypt, leaving the western satrapies to manage local coinage with considerable autonomy. By the time Darius III came to the throne in 336 BC, Alexander's crossing was less than two years away. The attribution spanning both reigns reflects genuine uncertainty in the die sequence rather than careless cataloging.

こちらもおすすめ