5 Pesos

The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial and regional bodies that sprang up across the Philippine islands after the Japanese occupation disrupted normal banking and commerce in 1942. These guerrilla-backed currency issues had real institutional weight — they were not informal scrip but were tied to the ongoing resistance administration, and the United States Army Forces in the Far East recognized their legitimacy as instruments of civil continuity under occupation.

Mindanao's geographic isolation from Luzon meant the island's guerrilla networks maintained unusual cohesion and organizational depth, which gave notes like this one genuine circulation life rather than symbolic existence. The three-signature format reflects a deliberate accountability structure, not ceremonial practice.