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| 正面描述 | Printed in red on plain paper, the note centres on an oval vignette of a steam train crossing a bridge over water, with junks below and mountains in the background. The vignette is framed by a guilloche border with dragon motifs at the corners. Chinese characters at left read 山海關內外鐵路局, with denomination and issuer inscriptions arranged vertically on the right. |
|---|---|
| 正面铭文 | 惡票計取洋銀伍圓 山海關內外鐵路局 光緒 始 終 |
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The Shan Hai Guan Inside and Outside Railway Bureau was one of several quasi-governmental Chinese railway administrations that issued their own currency in the late Qing period — a direct consequence of the state's inability to maintain reliable coin circulation along major infrastructure corridors. These notes functioned essentially as scrip, intended for use among railway workers and contractors rather than the general public.
1899 places this squarely in the aftermath of the Sino-Japanese War and the scramble for railway concessions by foreign powers. The bureau itself was tied to the Imperial Northern Railway network, a line with substantial foreign technical involvement despite its Chinese administrative face.
Railway-issued paper from this period is among the rarest of all Chinese fiscal documents — institutional scrip rarely survived once the issuing body was absorbed or dissolved.