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4 Reales - Felipe II Toledo
| Issuer | Spain |
|---|---|
| Year | 1556-1598 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 4 Reales |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
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| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | PHILIPPVS II DEI GRATIA M To IIII (Translation: Philip II by the grace of God) |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
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| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | ND (1556-1598) T - Cal#408 - ND (1556-1598) T - Cal#409 - ND (1556-1598) TM - Cal#410 - ND (1556-1598) TM - Cal#411 - ND (1556-1598) TM - Cal#412 - ND (1556-1598) TM - Cal#413 - ND (1556-1598) TM - Cal#414 - 1591 TM - Cal#415 - 1592 TM - Cal#416 - 1592 TM - Cal#417 - 1592 TM - Cal#419 - 1593 TC - Cal#420 - 1593 TC - Cal#421 - 1593 TC - Cal#422 - 1593 TM - Cal#418 - 1594 TC - Cal#423 - 1595 TC - Cal#424 - |
| Additional information |
Felipe II inherited the Spanish throne in 1556 alongside the most productive silver supply in history — Potosí alone was yielding quantities that would destabilize European price levels for a century. Toledo's mint, one of the oldest royal facilities in Castile, struck these macuquina (cob) coins by hand, shearing irregular slugs from cast silver bars before hammering them between dies. The process guaranteed no two pieces share an identical shape.
Cal#408 spans a 42-year reign, meaning die varieties within this type are numerous and attribution to specific emission periods requires cross-referencing assayer marks.