12 Pence/ Shilling - James II Gun Money Small Coinage
| Эмитент | Ireland |
|---|---|
| Год | 1690 |
| Тип | Standard circulation coin |
| Номинал | 12 Pence (1/20) |
| Валюта | Second Irish Pound (1460-1826) |
| Состав | Brass |
| Вес | 6.72 g |
| Диаметр | 23.84 mm |
| Толщина | 2 mm |
| Форма | Round |
| Техника | |
| Ориентация | Coin alignment ↑↓ |
| Гравёр(ы) | |
| В обращении до | |
| Каталожные номера | Sp#6582, KM#100 |
| Описание аверса | Bust left |
|---|---|
| Письменность аверса | Latin |
| Надписи аверса | IACOBVS. II. DEI. GRATIA. |
| Описание реверса | Crown with crossed sceptres behind, value above, legend around. |
| Письменность реверса | Latin |
| Надписи реверса | 1690 . MAG. BR. FRA. ET HIB. REX XII |
| Гурт | Engrailed |
| Монетный двор | |
| Тираж |
1690 - Apr - 1690 - June - 1690 - May - 1690 - MAY - 1690 - Sep - |
| ID Numisquare | 1198476120 |
| Дополнительная информация |
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Historical Context: The 1690 12 Pence/Shilling "Gun Money" exemplifies James II's desperate fiscal measures to reclaim his throne from William III. Deposed in the Glorious Revolution, James landed in Ireland in 1689, initiating a costly war. Lacking precious metals, he authorized emergency brass and copper coinage, promising future redemption. The 1690 "small coinage," including this piece, reflects dire circumstances; flan sizes were reduced from May 1690, preceding the decisive Battle of the Boyne. It embodies a pivotal moment of political and military upheaval, funding a failing cause.
Artistry: The emergency nature of Gun Money precluded elaborate artistic execution; no specific engraver is commonly attributed. The style is broadly late Stuart Baroque, simplified for rapid production. The obverse features a laureate and draped bust of James II, typically facing left,