10 Pfennig Vorschuß- und Sparverein

发行方	Vorschuß- und Sparverein zu Ostheim v. d. Rhön (eingetragene Genossenschaft mit unbeschränkter Haftpflicht)
年份	1918
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面值	10 Pfennigs (10 Pfennige) (0.10)
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正面描述	The obverse is printed on a salmon-toned guilloche underprint and enclosed within a decorative serrated border. The denomination 'Zehn Pfennig' is set in bold blackletter script at the top, flanked by the numeral '10' on either side, beneath the heading 'Kriegs-Notgeld'. Below, a three-line text in blackletter declares the issuer's payment obligation, followed by the place and date of issue ('Ostheim v. d. Rhön, den 1. November 1918') and the full cooperative title; three facsimile signatures of cooperative officials appear at centre, with a validity clause in smaller type at the foot.
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背面铭文	Rathaus / 10 10 / 10 10
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备注	Issued by a registered cooperative credit union in Ostheim vor der Rhön during the acute small-change shortage of 1918, when Reichsbank coin had effectively vanished from circulation and thousands of German municipalities, firms, and cooperatives resorted to printing their own Notgeld. The "unbeschränkte Haftpflicht" designation — unlimited liability — was the standard cooperative structure under the 1889 Genossenschaftsgesetz, and its inclusion on emergency paper was as much a legal necessity as a reassurance to holders. Selmar Bayer of Berlin handled a substantial volume of this kind of small-denomination municipal printing work during the war years.

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