1 Stater - Kairvatas of Varendra Samatata Type

Historical Context: This gold stater, attributed to Kairvatas of Varendra, represents a crucial numismatic emission from the politically fragmented period in Bengal between approximately 640 and 730 CE. Varendra, located in northern Bengal, emerged as a regional power center following the collapse of Shashanka's Gauda kingdom and prior to the rise of the Pala dynasty. The "Samatata Type" designation indicates a stylistic continuum or direct influence from the independent kingdom of Samatata in southeastern Bengal, which itself perpetuated Gupta imperial numismatic traditions. Kairvatas likely functioned as a local potentate, asserting sovereignty through coinage during an era characterized by regional autonomy and sparse textual records, making such issues vital historical markers.

Artistry: While no specific engraver is identifiable for this period or issuer, the coin belongs to the Post-Gupta artistic school prevalent in Bengal, specifically the Samatata numismatic tradition. This style is an iconographic adaptation of the classic Gupta Archer type, featuring a standing king (obverse) and a seated goddess, typically Lakshmi or Ardoksho (reverse). Artistic execution on these issues often exhibits a progressive stylization and a departure from the refined classical detail of earlier Gupta prototypes, reflecting regional artistic interpretations and a decline in die-cutting precision. The iconography, however, maintains strong religious and political symbolism, associating the ruler with divine prosperity and martial prowess.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading of this 1 Stater (5.78 gg) type, critical focus should be placed on the clarity of the obverse king's facial features, the definition of his bow, and any discernible epigraphic elements. On the reverse, the goddess's facial details, the attributes she holds (e.g., lotus), and the delineation of her drapery are paramount. Centering is a significant factor, as irregular flans and oversized dies often result in off-center strikes, obscuring legends or design elements. Full flan integrity and minimal evidence of double striking or weakness in the central motifs are highly desirable for superior preservation.