Catalog
| Issuer | Livonia and Riga |
|---|---|
| Year | 1559-1561 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | 1 Schilling |
| Currency | Schilling (1500-1561) |
| Composition | Billon (.1875 silver) |
| Weight | 1.11 g |
| Diameter | 18 mm |
| Thickness | 0.7 mm |
| Shape | Round (irregular) |
| Technique | Hammered |
| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
| Engraver(s) | |
| In circulation to | |
| Reference(s) | Haljak II#450, Fed#439 |
| Obverse description | Shield in wreath without cross that divides the surrounding legend into four sections. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
| Obverse lettering |
GOTHARD · D · G · M · LIVO · (Translation: Gotthard Dei Gratia Magistri Livoniae Gotthard, with God`s grace, Master of Livonia) |
| Reverse description | Eagle in wreath surrounded by legend. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
| Reverse lettering |
GVILHELM · D · G · EPIS · RIG · (Translation: Wilhelm Dei Gratia Archi Episcopus Rigensis Wilhelm, with God`s grace, Arch-bishop of Riga) |
| Edge | Smooth. |
| Mint | |
| Mintage |
ND (1559-1561) - - |
| Numisquare ID | 1551746960 |
| Additional information |
Historical Context:This 1 Schilling, issued 1559-1561, marks a critical juncture in Livonian history. It signifies the joint authority of Gotthard Kettler, the final Master of the Livonian Order, and Wilhelm von Brandenburg, Archbishop of Riga. This co-issuance occurred during the Livonian War, a period of profound instability leading to the Livonian Confederation's dissolution. The coin reflects desperate efforts to maintain stability amidst external pressures, foreshadowing the end of an independent Livonian state and its partitioning.
Artistry:Minted in Riga, this Schilling's design adheres to the late medieval Northern European numismatic style, emphasizing heraldry. While the engraver remains anonymous, the obverse likely featured the arms of the Archbishopric of Riga; the reverse displayed the Livonian Order's arms or Gotthard Kettler's personal insignia. The "without cross" variant distinguishes this issue, possibly indicating a specific political nuance or simplification of iconography during the Order's final, tumultuous, secularizing years.
Technical/Grading:Struck in billon (.1875 silver), this 18mm, 1.11g coin often displays typical technical limitations of its period. Key high-points for grading, such as central shield elements and lettering, are frequently susceptible to weak strikes. Manufacturing processes commonly resulted in variable planchet quality, off-center strikes, and areas of flatness, especially on legends. The base metal composition also makes these pieces vulnerable to environmental damage and considerable wear, impacting preservation.