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1 Penning - Harald Hardråde
| Issuer | Kingdom of Norway |
|---|---|
| Year | 1047-1066 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Reverse script | Runic |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Harald Sigurdsson — Harald Hardråde — came to the Norwegian throne in 1047 after two decades as a mercenary commander in the Varangian Guard at Constantinople, accumulating enough Byzantine silver and battlefield experience to reshape Norwegian kingship entirely. His coinage reflects that influence imperfectly: the billon content places these issues firmly in a transitional moment when Scandinavian minting had not yet stabilized the alloy standards it borrowed from Anglo-Saxon and Byzantine models. Skaare's classification acknowledges significant die variation across the type.
He died at Stamford Bridge in September 1066, three weeks before Hastings changed everything else.