1 Heller - John II

Historical Context: This 1 Heller, issued in 1505, falls within the reign of John II, Duke of Cleves (1481-1521). Known as "John the Pious," his rule marked a period of stability and economic development for the Duchy, a significant principality within the Holy Roman Empire. The Heller, a low-denomination silver coin, served as essential small change, facilitating daily commerce before the Reformation. Its consistent issuance underscores ducal prerogative in coinage and the region's economic vitality.

Artistry: The design reflects the prevailing numismatic aesthetic of the late Gothic period, with nascent Northern Renaissance influences. While a specific engraver is unrecorded for such a modest issue, the style adhered to regional minting conventions. Typically, these small denominations feature a simplified rendition of the ducal arms of Cleves—a fess—or a prominent cross, often surrounded by a minimal legend. The small flan necessitated a concise and robust design for legibility.

Technical/Grading: Given its diminutive specifications (0.28 gg, 15 mm), the 1505 Heller presents specific challenges for assessment. High-points for wear or strike weakness typically include the central device (e.g., fess or cross) and the outer perimeter of any legend. Due to manual striking and thin planchet, these coins often exhibit irregular flans, off-center strikes, and areas of flatness, particularly towards the edges. A well-centered strike with full details on both sides is considered exceptional.