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1 Fals - Ahmad b. Muhammad Bukhara
| Uitgever | United Qarakhanid Khaganate |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1020 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Dinar (840-1212) |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Central field bears a multi-line Kufic Arabic religious inscription arranged within a plain inner circle, reading the Shahada (declaration of faith). The inscription is framed by a single-line marginal legend in Arabic Kufic script running along the inner border, enclosed by a beaded or dotted outer rim. The flan is irregular and slightly uneven in relief, characteristic of hammered copper coinage of the Qarakhanid period. |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Plain. |
| Muntplaats | Log in om details te zien |
| Oplage | Log in om details te zien |
| Aanvullende informatie |
The United Qarakhanid Khaganate in the early eleventh century operated a decentralized minting system across Transoxiana, with Bukhara functioning as one of the principal copper-issuing centers for local market circulation. Ahmad b. Muhammad's fals coinage belongs to a period when the Qarakhanid rulers were consolidating authority over formerly Samanid territories — Bukhara itself had fallen to the Qarakhanids around 999. Copper fulus of this type rarely traveled far; they served hyperlocal exchange and consequently survive with heavy wear when found at all.