1 Denier Tornese - Dominic Giustiniani

The Giustiniani family held Chios under a formal maona — a joint-stock company arrangement unique in medieval and early modern colonial administration — from 1346 until the Ottoman conquest in 1566. Dominic Giustiniani's tenure as podestà placed this issue squarely in the island's final Genoese decades, when the mastic trade still made Chios one of the most profitable colonial possessions in the eastern Mediterranean.

The denier tornese denomination derives ultimately from the French denier tournois struck at Tours, a type that spread across Latin-controlled Greek territories after the Fourth Crusade and persisted in the Aegean long after it had vanished from Western Europe.