Catalogus
| Uitgever | Characene, Kingdom of |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 17 BC - 5 AD |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Waarde | Tetradrachm (4) |
| Valuta | Drachm |
| Samenstelling | Bronze |
| Gewicht | 15.7 g |
| Diameter | 27 mm |
| Dikte | |
| Vorm | Round (irregular) |
| Techniek | Hammered |
| Oriëntatie | |
| Graveur(s) | |
| In omloop tot | |
| Referentie(s) | BMC Greek#5 |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Head of Attambelos to right, diademed, bearded. |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | |
| Opschrift voorzijde | |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Herakles seated left on anvil-shaped seat, nude, holding with right hand a club set on his right knee flanked vertically by lettering, a monogram before his head, date in exergue generally illegible. |
| Schrift keerzijde | Greek |
| Opschrift keerzijde |
ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΤΤΑΜΒΗΛΟΥ ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ (Translation: Basileos Attambeloi Soteros Kaisar Euergetou. King Attambelos the savior, the benefactor caesar.) |
| Rand | |
| Muntplaats | |
| Oplage |
ND (17 BC - 5 AD) - - |
| Numisquare-ID | 1512751590 |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Historical Context: This Æ Tetradrachm was issued by Attambelos II, ruler of the Kingdom of Characene from approximately 17 BC to 5 AD. Characene, situated at the strategic head of the Persian Gulf, served as a vital entrepôt for trade between the Roman and Parthian empires and India. Attambelos II's reign coincided with the Pax Romana, fostering a period of relative stability and economic prosperity for the kingdom, evidenced by the continued issuance of its own distinctive coinage. These bronze tetradrachms facilitated local commerce within the bustling port city of Charax Spasinou.
Artistry: The design of this coin adheres to the Hellenistic numismatic tradition, though executed by local engravers whose identities remain anonymous. The obverse typically features a diademed portrait of King Attambelos II, rendered in a style that, while provincial, aims to convey regal authority and often exhibits a strong, individualized likeness. The reverse commonly depicts a seated Tyche, goddess of fortune, holding a palm branch and cornucopia, often with a river god at her feet, symbolizing Characene's prosperity and its reliance on maritime trade. Greek legends identify the ruler.
Technical/Grading: As a bronze issue, this tetradrachm typically exhibits variable strike quality. High-points for wear on the obverse include the king's diadem, hair, and facial features, particularly the nose and chin. On the reverse, Tyche's head, outstretched arm, and knees are prone to flattening. Characene bronze flans are often irregular in shape and thickness, and strikes can be off-center, leading to incomplete legends or portions of the design. Surface preservation is crucial, with original patination and minimal corrosion being desirable attributes for collectors.