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Tetradrachm

Issuer Ainos (Thrace)
Year 431 BC - 429 BC
Type Standard circulation coin
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Reverse description A he-goat, the civic emblem of Ainos, rendered in high relief standing to the right in a naturalistic and vigorous pose, its head lowered, long curved horns swept back, and a prominent beard visible beneath the muzzle. To the lower left of the animal stands a labrys (double-headed axe), serving as a secondary symbol in the field. The abbreviated ethnic legend ΑΙΝ appears in the upper field above the goat's back. The entire composition is contained within a shallow incuse square, the standard reverse format for major Thracian silver coinage of this period.
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Edge Plain
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Additional information

Ainos was a prosperous Aeolian colony at the mouth of the Hebros River, and its silver coinage of the 430s BC falls squarely within the disruption of the Peloponnesian War — a conflict that throttled Aegean trade routes and forced many Thracian coastal cities to assert commercial identity through their coinage more aggressively than before. The city's position gave it unusual leverage: control of the river mouth meant toll income and grain transit, which funded the mint.

The May corpus remains the authoritative die study for this series. May #114 represents a relatively tight chronological window of no more than two to three years of production.

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