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Stiver of 3 Kreuzer - Anne van de Marck with titles of Matthias II
| Issuer | Abbey of Thorn |
|---|---|
| Year | 1612-1619 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | A crowned Imperial double-headed eagle occupies the central field, its two heads facing outward to left and right beneath a single Imperial crown, executed in the hammered manner characteristic of Holy Roman Empire subsidiary coinage. On the eagle's breast, a small shield or tablet bears the numeral 3, denoting the denomination of 3 Kreuzer. The eagle's wings are spread in the traditional displayed posture. A circular Latin legend surrounds the design within a beaded border, citing the Imperial titles of Matthias II as elected Holy Roman Emperor. |
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| Reverse lettering | · MATHI · I · ELEC · RO · IM · SEM · AV 3 (Translation: Matthias II, ever exalted elected Emperor of the Romans. 3 Kreutzer) |
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| Additional information |
The Abbey of Thorn was one of the few semi-sovereign ecclesiastical institutions in the Low Countries with the right to mint its own coinage — a privilege it exercised sporadically and often controversially. Anne van de Marck served as abbess from 1611 to 1619, and this issue ties her authority to that of Emperor Matthias II, whose imperial titles appear alongside hers as the required nod to nominal Habsburg suzerainty. The pairing was political formality, not deference; Thorn's abbesses routinely jealously guarded their minting rights against encroachment from both the Empire and neighboring Bishopric of Liège.