Qanhari Dirham 'Damma' - Hatim

The Qanhari dynasty ruled Sind following the fragmentation of Abbasid administrative control over the lower Indus region, issuing fractional silver in a tradition that blended Arab monetary conventions with local South Asian practice. The 'damma' — a term derived from the Arabic dirham but applied to these diminutive fractions — functioned as the practical small-change unit of the Sindhi economy during this period, when full-weight dirhams were largely absent from everyday exchange.

Fishman and Todd's classification HS4.3 places this piece within a tightly defined die group tied to the Hatim issues, distinguishable by specific epigraphic arrangements documented in their corpus.