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Qanhari Dirham 'Damma' - Hatim
| Issuer | Sind |
|---|---|
| Year | 860-901 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Damma (⅙) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Reverse field displays Kufic Arabic inscription arranged in horizontal lines across the irregularly shaped flan, with bold upright letter strokes visible at centre, consistent with mint or religious formulae typical of Qanhari Sindhi damma coinage. The hammered fabric produces an uneven surface with areas of weak strike at the edges. Letter forms are angular and monumental in the Kufic tradition, occupying the full field without inner or outer border. The legend likely includes a profession of faith or reference to the issuing authority. Surface patination is consistent with prolonged circulation. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
The Qanhari dynasty ruled Sind following the fragmentation of Abbasid administrative control over the lower Indus region, issuing fractional silver in a tradition that blended Arab monetary conventions with local South Asian practice. The 'damma' — a term derived from the Arabic dirham but applied to these diminutive fractions — functioned as the practical small-change unit of the Sindhi economy during this period, when full-weight dirhams were largely absent from everyday exchange.
Fishman and Todd's classification HS4.3 places this piece within a tightly defined die group tied to the Hatim issues, distinguishable by specific epigraphic arrangements documented in their corpus.