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| 正面描述 | Irregular hammered silver flan bearing bold Arabic script in Kufic style occupying the central field. The legend, struck in high relief, displays angular and cursive letterforms characteristic of the late Qanhari coinage of Sind. The flan edges are irregular with slight fissures consistent with hand-hammering, and the field shows natural die-wear typical of small fractional silver issues of this period. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | ND (1001-1024) |
| 附加信息 |
The Qanhari dirham type circulated in Sind during a period when the region was absorbing repeated pressure from Mahmud of Ghazni's western campaigns, which pushed into the Indus valley repeatedly between 1001 and 1025. Local dynastic coinage of this reduced silver weight — the "damma" being a fractional unit specific to Sindhi monetary practice — continued to be struck by regional rulers even as Ghaznavid authority encroached. Al-Muzaffar's issues represent one of the last phases of independent Sindhi silver production before the political order of the lower Indus valley was substantially reorganized.