Pulo - Fedor Mikhailovich

Mikulin was a minor appanage principality in the upper Volga region, dependent on Tver, and its coinage output was correspondingly thin. The pulo denomination served as the lowest-value copper unit in the fragmented monetary system of late medieval Rus, filling a transactional gap that silver wire money — by weight and value — could not practically address. Fedor Mikhailovich ruled Mikulin during a period when appanage princes asserted local identity partly through independent coin issue, however modest the output.