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Pul 'Horos type' Sygnaq
| Uitgever | White Horde |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1370 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Variable alignment ↺ |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Reverse bearing a multi-line Arabic legend arranged across the field, recording the mint name Sygnaq and the date of issue in Hijri numerals. The inscription is disposed in two or three registers in the angular, cursive hand typical of Jochid copper coinage, with individual letter strokes boldly raised in low relief against the granular flan surface. The legend reads as struck in Sygnaq in AH 772 (1370 CE), though variant readings of the date as 771, 775, or 776 have been noted by specialists. The irregular flan edge partially clips the outermost characters on some specimens. |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Log in om details te zien |
| Muntplaats | Sygnaq |
| Oplage | Log in om details te zien |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Sygnaq — on the Syr Darya in modern Kazakhstan — served as one of the White Horde's primary administrative centers, and its mint output in the 1370s reflects a political situation that was rapidly deteriorating. By this point the White Horde khans were losing coherent authority over their eastern steppe territories, and small copper puls like this one were the everyday transactional currency of a monetary system that higher-denomination silver coinage rarely reached.
The Horos type designation follows Zeno cataloguing conventions for a group of puls sharing specific tamgha arrangements. Attribution to Sygnaq rather than other contemporaneous mints in the region rests primarily on die comparanda rather than explicit mint inscriptions.