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Pul 'Axe type' - temp. Tochtamysh Saray al-Jadida mint
| Uitgever | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1385 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Copper |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Arabic legend in multiple lines occupying the central field, reading the mint name and date. The inscription identifies the Saray al-Jadida mint and the AH year 787 (1385 CE). The lettering is rendered in a cursive Naskh-influenced script typical of Golden Horde copper coinage, struck on an irregular flan with characteristic flat areas and die shift consistent with hammered production. |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Log in om details te zien |
| Muntplaats | Log in om details te zien |
| Oplage | 787 (1385) |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Toqtamysh's brief reunification of the eastern and western wings of the Golden Horde in the early 1380s gave him control over the Saray al-Jadida mint at a moment of acute political instability. The axe type pul belongs to a loose series of copper issues whose iconographic choices likely reflect Turkic military symbolism rather than any centralised design policy — copper coinage at this level of the Mongol successor economy circulated hyper-locally and was rarely standardized across mints.
Within a decade of this coin's striking, Timur's campaigns would devastate Saray al-Jadida entirely, ending its mint output permanently.