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Pul 'Asterisk in a hexagram' - Anonymous Qrim mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1350-1415 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Central field displays a six-pointed asterisk enclosed within a double square (lozenge-square frame rotated 45 degrees), the whole set within a double linear circle border. The geometric device is boldly struck in low relief, with the concentric square outlines clearly delineated despite the characteristic irregular flan and surface patination associated with hammered Golden Horde copper coinage. No legends or inscriptions are present on this face. |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Log in to see details |
| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | ND (1350-1415) - Lebedev #m65 - ND (1350-1415) - Lebedev #m66 - ND (1350-1415) - Lebedev #m67 - ND (1350-1415) - Lebedev #m68 - ND (1350-1415) - Lebedev #m69 - |
| Additional information |
The anonymous copper puls of the Crimean mint from this period reflect the administrative fragmentation of the Golden Horde following the catastrophic civil war known as the Great Troubles — the Ulus Jochid lost perhaps a dozen khans between 1357 and 1380, leaving regional mints to strike on their own authority with no ruling name to place on the die. Qrim had been one of the Horde's most commercially active cities since the Mongol consolidation of the Black Sea trade routes in the thirteenth century, and its mint kept producing small copper for local market use regardless of who nominally held the throne.
The Lebedev sequence m65–m69 documents die variations within this anonymous type, suggesting continuous if intermittent production across multiple decades.