Pul '16 puls - dang' Anonymous Black Sea region

The Golden Horde's copper pul coinage from this period functioned as a purely local exchange medium — silver dirhams handled long-distance trade while these anonymous issues circulated in bazaars and markets across the Black Sea steppe. Attribution to a specific khan is impossible here by design; the issuing authority deliberately omitted ruler names on much of its base-metal output, a practice that allowed continued circulation across reign changes without restriking.

The date range spans from Möngke Temür through Toqta, a period of considerable internal consolidation following the Horde's formal separation from the broader Mongol Empire after 1260.