Obol - Raymond V, VI or VII

正面描述	登录以查看详情
正面文字	登录以查看详情
正面铭文	登录以查看详情
背面描述	A stylized quadruped, likely a lion or ram passant, depicted in a degenerate and schematic manner within a beaded inner circle, representing a degraded form of the PAX type common to Toulouse coinage. The surrounding circular legend in Latin reads TOLOS CIVI, identifying the city of Toulouse, though individual letter forms are crude and partially degenerate due to the hammered technique and die wear. The overall design reflects the progressive stylistic deterioration characteristic of later issues in this series.
背面文字	登录以查看详情
背面铭文	✠ TOLOഗΛ CIVI (Translation: City of Toulouse.)
边缘	登录以查看详情
铸币厂	登录以查看详情
铸造量	登录以查看详情
附加信息	The counts of Toulouse struck these small silver pieces across a century bookended by crusade and catastrophe. The Albigensian Crusade, launched in 1209, progressively dismembered the county's autonomy — Raymond VI was excommunicated, his lands ravaged, and the dynasty spent decades fighting for survival against both the French crown and the papacy. Raymond VII's eventual submission under the Treaty of Paris in 1229 effectively ended independent Toulousain monetary policy, making the later issues of this series products of a court already stripped of real power.

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