Nummus - Magnus Maximus D N MAG MAXIMVS P F AVG, VICTORIA AVGG, Lugdunum

Historical Context: Magnus Maximus was a significant figure in the tumultuous late Roman Empire (383-388 AD). This nummus, struck at Lugdunum, represents his brief but impactful reign as a Western usurper. Proclaimed emperor by his troops in Britain, he swiftly gained control of Gaul, Spain, and Britain, challenging the legitimate emperors Gratian and Valentinian II. His coinage served as crucial propaganda, asserting his authority and legitimacy in a fragmented empire. The issue date falls within his active period of rule before his final defeat by Theodosius I.

Artistry: Artistically, this coin exemplifies the evolving late Roman imperial style. While no individual engraver is named, mint workers at Lugdunum produced designs characterized by a move towards abstraction and frontality, typical of the era. The obverse features D N MAG MAXIMVS P F AVG, depicting the emperor with a simplified, often stern visage, emphasizing his imperial majesty. The reverse, VICTORIA AVGG, commonly shows Victory advancing, holding a wreath and palm, a powerful symbol of imperial success and divine favor for the Augusti.

Technical/Grading: Technically, this bronze nummus (1.75g, 14mm) reflects the practicalities of late Roman minting. Key high-points for wear on the obverse include the emperor's hair, diadem, and facial features. On the reverse, Victory's head, wings, and the wreath are most susceptible to abrasion. Due to the small flan size and rapid production, strikes often exhibit some degree of irregularity, such as off-centering or weak areas, particularly on the legends. A well-centered strike with full details on both sides would command a premium.