Catalog
Manghir - Murad III
| Issuer | Ottoman Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 991 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Central field occupied by a stylized tughra or floral arabesque device enclosed within an oval dotted border, the whole surrounded by a plain raised rim. The design is rendered in low relief characteristic of hammered Ottoman copper coinage, with a beaded inner frame forming a cartouche around the central motif. The irregular flan shows typical characteristics of hand-struck mangir production. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Arabic |
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| Additional information |
Murad III's reign saw the Ottoman copper coinage system under sustained strain — the manghir was chronically debased and counterfeited throughout the later 16th century, to the point where provincial mints produced pieces of wildly inconsistent weight and fabric. KM#24 encompasses a broad range of mint outputs, and attributing individual pieces to specific mint cities remains contested among specialists. The 991 AH date places this squarely within the period before the great currency crisis of the 1580s fully took hold, when silver akçe debasement pushed copper into even more chaotic circulation patterns.