Jital - 'Ala al-din Muhammad

Muhammad II of Khwarezm ruled one of the most dramatically short-lived empires in medieval history — at its peak controlling territory from the Caspian to the Persian Gulf, yet effectively destroyed within three years of Genghis Khan's 1219 invasion. These billon jitals circulated across a vast but rapidly collapsing monetary zone; by 1221 Muhammad II had died a fugitive on a Caspian island, and his mint infrastructure had been obliterated.

Album 1727 encompasses issues from multiple mints operating under his authority, and attribution to specific striking locations remains contested without die-study confirmation.