Gros tournois - Waleran II Serain mint

Waleran II, Count of Ligny, operated a mint at Serain under the feudal minting rights he held within the Holy Roman Empire's western march — a privilege that allowed petty lords to strike imitations of the royal gros tournois, the dominant trade coin of 13th- and 14th-century France. These baronial imitations were technically legal so long as they remained within the issuer's territory, a rule honored more in theory than practice. Most circulated well beyond their intended jurisdiction.

The absence of both Poey d'Avant and Boudeau references suggests this type either escaped systematic cataloguing or survives in too few examples to have attracted sustained scholarly attention.