Gold Florin - Gaston Phoebus

Gaston III, count of Foix and lord of Béarn, minted these florins under the autonomous monetary rights of Béarn — rights the lordship defended fiercely against both French and English pressure throughout the Hundred Years' War. Béarn's unusual status as a sovereign viscounty technically outside the French crown's direct jurisdiction gave Gaston the legal standing to strike gold independently, which he did with evident enthusiasm across a nearly five-decade reign.

Gaston died in 1391 during a bear hunt, struck by his own son's spear in an incident that remains historically murky.