Genovino - Thomas of Campofregoso, 2d reign

Thomas of Campofregoso held the dogeship twice, his second reign beginning in 1436 after a period of exile and factional maneuvering that had become routine in Genoese politics by the fifteenth century. The Genovino itself was one of the earliest gold coins struck in Christian Europe, introduced in 1252 — the same year as the Florentine florin — and by Thomas's time it had been in continuous production for nearly two centuries, its type essentially unchanged as a deliberate assertion of commercial reliability in Mediterranean trade networks.

Thomas was deposed again in 1442, this time by Francesco Spinola, ending a reign that had seen Genoa increasingly pressured by Milanese ambitions under Filippo Maria Visconti.