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Fals - Anonymous

Issuer Umayyad Caliphate
Year 711-756
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Composition Copper
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Obverse script Arabic
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Reverse script Arabic
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Additional information

The anonymous copper fals circulated in a caliphate that was, for most of this period, still working out how to govern conquered territories with wildly inconsistent local monetary traditions. The Umayyad reform coinage of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan in 696–697 had standardized gold and silver, but copper was left largely to regional mints operating with minimal central oversight — which is precisely why attribution of these small pieces remains so contested among Islamic numismatists.

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