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Dukat gdański - Jan II Kazimierz Waza Gdańsk mint

Issuer Royal Mint of Gdańsk
Year 1659-1660
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Currency First Zloty (1573-1795)
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Obverse description Facing right laureate and draped bust of King John II Casimir Vasa (Jan II Kazimierz Waza), wearing a crown and regal mantle with visible armor beneath. The royal effigy is rendered in high relief in a detailed baroque style. A circular Latin legend surrounds the portrait, running along the coin's periphery.
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Obverse lettering IOAN CAS D G REX POL ET SUEC
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Additional information

Jan II Kazimierz issued these ducats from the Gdańsk mint during one of the most desperate stretches of Polish history — the tail end of the Deluge, when Swedish, Brandenburgian, Transylvanian, and Cossack forces had simultaneously ravaged the Commonwealth. Gdańsk itself never fell, and its mint kept striking quality gold through the occupation years, making it the most financially reliable operation in the country when virtually every other royal revenue stream had collapsed.

Kop#7661 and Kop#7663 represent distinct annual emissions; the Kopicki references reflect differences in die execution between the two years rather than variety within a single issue.

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