Double Parisis - Henry of Lancaster

Historical Context: This Double Parisis, issued by Henry of Lancaster between 1350 and 1351, signifies a crucial period during the Hundred Years' War. As Lord of Bergerac, a strategic Gascon stronghold, Lancaster exercised significant seigneurial rights. This coinage underscores English magnates' assertion of economic and political authority in their French territories, reflecting the fragmented sovereignty and complex power dynamics preceding the Treaty of Brétigny. It is a tangible symbol of English dominion within the French realm.

Artistry: The anonymous engraver's work reflects a provincial Gothic style typical of medieval seigneurial issues. The obverse generally displays a central cross pattee, encircled by a legend identifying "HENRICUS" and his title, likely "DOMINUS BERGERACI." The reverse carries the denomination "DUPLEX PARISIUS" or mintmark, often surrounding a simpler central motif. These designs aimed for legibility and local acceptance, frequently adapting established French royal prototypes while incorporating the issuer's distinct mark.

Technical/Grading: Struck in silver at 1.38 grams, this hand-hammered coin frequently displays irregular planchets, often off-round. High-points for assessing strike quality and wear are the central cross elements and prominent legend letters. Strikes vary, from well-centered to partially off-flan or weakly impressed, particularly at the edges. Minor surface imperfections, die breaks, or early die wear are common, indicative of the era's rudimentary minting technology.