Catalog
Dirham - Mangu Timur Bulghar mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1266-1282 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 1.36 g |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Arabic |
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| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | ND (1266-1280) - undated - ND (1266-1280) 67 - year as 67 - 670 (1271) - - 671 (1272) - - 672 (1273) - - 674 (1275) - - 675 (1276) - - 678 (1279) - - 679 (1280) - - 680 (1281) - - 681 (1282) - - |
| Additional information |
Mangu Timur was the first Golden Horde khan to strike coins in his own name rather than continuing to attribute issues to the Mongol Great Khan in distant Karakorum — a decisive assertion of the western ulus's practical independence from the broader Mongol empire. The Bulghar mint on the middle Volga was the dominant silver-striking facility for the Horde throughout this period, drawing on established Bulgar commercial networks that predated the Mongol conquest by centuries.
The relatively low weight of surviving examples reflects a gradual dirham debasement that accelerated under later khans.