Dirham - Anonymous Bulghar mint

Anonymous issues from the Bulghar mint cluster heavily in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, a period when the Golden Horde's administrative structure was fragmenting under succession disputes following Möngke Temür's death in 1280. Without a named khan on the flan, attributing these pieces to a specific reign is largely impossible — which is precisely the point. Bulghar, the senior commercial city on the Volga before Sarai eclipsed it, continued striking coin to meet local mercantile demand regardless of who held the throne downstream.

The 1.3g standard reflects a progressive debasement of the earlier, heavier Jochid dirham tradition.