Dinero - Jaime I

Jaime I came to the Aragonese throne as a five-year-old in 1213 and spent much of his reign in near-constant military expansion — most consequentially the conquest of the Moorish taifa of Valencia between 1232 and 1245. The dinero issues bearing his authority as king of Valencia are post-conquest emissions, struck in a territory that had operated under Islamic monetary conventions for centuries and where billon coinage of this Carolingian-derived type was an administrative imposition as much as an economic one.

The billon alloy here is notably debased even by Iberian medieval standards.